1. 机械学习：从学习过程是否包含有理解,可分为机械学习(rote learning)与有意义学习(meaningful learning)两种方式. 而有意义学习根据学习过程中是否包含发现的环节,又可分为接受学习(reception learning)和发现学习(discovery learning)两种方式:接受学习是指要学习的内容是以现成信息的形式存在的,
2. 死记硬背：一方面,死记硬背(rote learning)确实无甚裨益,但另一方面,在真正理解的基础上的熟记肯定对我们有好处. 大脑中储存了大量很好的文章,我们在用英语表达自己思想的时候,就会觉得容易多了. 最后,我们应把所学到的东西用到实践中去,
3. 机械式学习：.机械式学习(rote learning) 通过重复来学习,几乎没有或完全没有对新信息中的意义进行增加或探索. .图式(schema) 用来组织相关概念的认知框架. .脚本(script) 关于事情如何发展的可套用的固定模式.
4. 强记学习法,死记硬背：role-play 扮演角色 | rote learning 强记学习法,死记硬背 | scanning 查阅,扫瞄
1. She says knowing how to solve problems is more important than learning by rote, a process of establishing something in memory by repeating it.
2. Confucius would turn in his grave if he knew how many students in China are learning by rote these days.
3. Only recently has the national curriculum started to tackle this problem by shifting away from rote learning to putting English into practice.
4. They are saddened by their kids'gruesome burden of rote learning.
5. An education system that gives people the tools to adapt to change by emphasizing problem solving over rote learning will reduce turbulence.
6. It'll corrupt our youth, leading them from rote learning into dens of iniquity.
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7. But I don't believe excessive rote learning along with such humiliations should be established as a role model for parents to emulate.
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8. China's " exam factory " approach instils frustration in children such as Chenglong who are weak at rote learning.
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9. For the vast majority, the answer lies in rote learning a few stock phrases and hoping for the best.
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10. What should also be reformed is the rote learning system that requires students to learn like a machine.