1. Leaf blade glabrous, margin densely crenate, elliptic or broadly elliptic, lateral veins 3 or 4 pairs.
无毛的叶片，具圆齿的边缘密，椭圆形或宽椭圆形，侧脉3或4 对。33 R。cathartica 药鼠李
2. Larvae survived and grew very well on foliage of Catharanthus roseus L.; but all larvae died when fed foliage of Allamanda cathartica L.; Chemical analysis also revealed that foliar nitrogen content differed significantly among plant species.
化学分析也发现植物化学物质的含量在这三种植物之间相差很显著，尤其是含氮量，在三种树叶上的含量都不一样。
3. Lepidoptera: Sphingidae on three Apocynaceae plant species (Allamanda cathartica L., Catharanthus roseus L., and Thevetia peruviana Merr.).
为了评估此虫在三种植物上的生长情形，使用两种餵食分析方法。